What is array in TS point by point with example of code

 Sure, here are the details of arrays in TypeScript along with an example of code:

1. Declaration: An array is declared using square brackets [] and the type of the elements enclosed in angle brackets <>.

typescript
let arr: number[]; // Declaring an array of numbers
let arr2: string[]; // Declaring an array of strings

2. Initialization: You can initialize an array with values using the following syntax:

typescript
let arr: number[] = [1, 2, 3]; // Initializing an array of numbers with three elements
let arr2: string[] = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]; // Initializing an array of strings with three elements

3. Accessing Elements: You can access the elements of an array using their index. The index starts from zero.

typescript
let arr: number[] = [1, 2, 3];
console.log(arr[0]); // Output: 1
console.log(arr[1]); // Output: 2
console.log(arr[2]); // Output: 3

4. Array Methods: TypeScript provides several built-in methods for arrays, including:
• push: Adds an element to the end of the array.
• pop: Removes and returns the last element of the array.
• shift: Removes and returns the first element of the array.
• unshift: Adds an element to the beginning of the array.
• splice: Removes or replaces elements in the array at a specified position.

typescript
let arr: number[] = [1, 2, 3];
arr.push(4); // Adds 4 to the end of the array
console.log(arr); // Output: [1, 2, 3, 4]
arr.pop(); // Removes and returns 4 from the end of the array
console.log(arr); // Output: [1, 2, 3]
arr.shift(); // Removes and returns 1 from the beginning of the array
console.log(arr); // Output: [2, 3]
arr.unshift(0); // Adds 0 to the beginning of the array
console.log(arr); // Output: [0, 2, 3]
arr.splice(1, 1, 4, 5); // Removes 1 element from position 1 and inserts 4 and 5
console.log(arr); // Output: [0, 4, 5, 3]

5. Iteration: You can use loops like for and while to iterate over the elements of an array.

typescript
let arr: number[] = [1, 2, 3];
for (let i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
  console.log(arr[i]);
}
// Output:
// 1
// 2
// 3

In summary, arrays in TypeScript are a powerful tool for storing and manipulating collections of elements. They are flexible, easy to use, and provide a wide range of built-in methods for common array operations.